A Gathering of Old Men: the Characters in Gaines’ Novel

Race has consistently been an issue in Louisiana. The characters in Gaines’ tale endeavor to disintegrate racial strain in the South. The entirety of the dark men assemble at the ranch so the lynching horde won’t endeavor to assault them. Salt and Pepper, a dark and a white football star, play together at LSU in the novel. This shows racial collaboration. The epic happens in Bayonne, Louisiana on the Marshall Plantation. The plantation’s white chief, Beau, is discovered killed toward the beginning of the novel. Candy Marshall, part proprietor of the ranch, finds the body close Mathu’s house. Mathu was to some degree a temporary parent to Candy. Candy accumulates a group of elderly people men to the manor with shotguns and void shells to admit to the homicide. She does this so the supposed executioner, Mathu, won’t be lynched. Lynching is what number of racial wrongdoings in Louisiana as of now were taken care of. The elderly people men remain at the manor throughout the day, not realizing who really perpetrated the wrongdoing. Mapes, a white sheriff, is portrayed as a run of the mill bigot. He utilizes hostility towards the men to attempt to comprehend the wrongdoing. This was the run of the mill approach of Louisiana appointees towards blacks. Towards the finish of the novel, Mapes shows that he has extraordinary regard for Mathu. In this novel Gaines shows the racial troubles in Louisiana as of now. This is appeared through the dread of the dark network. They feared being lynched for a wrongdoing they probably won't have submitted. The men all assemble to stand firm against bigot whites. He likewise shows this was the start of racial equity. This is appeared by the congruity among Salt and Pepper on and off of the football field. Gaines portrays the Louisiana way of life now ever. He shows the racial battles in law authorization, day by day way of life, and sports. Being from Louisiana and comprehending what I do about our authentic culture I would state that in Gaines’ tale he depicts very well what Louisiana life resembled as of now. I decided to do my report on this book since I accept that prejudice is a huge piece of Louisiana history.

Black Film History Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Dark Film History - Essay Example The two principle chiefs of the film are Charles Stone and Chuck Wilson. The on-screen characters incorporate a few different people, all which are partitioned into each portion. The possibility of â€Å"Afrocentricity† is to delineate the few different ways of life that those in the African †American people group are related with. The chiefs move a stage past this in indicating how the thoughts, creative mind and the points of view in this network fall once again into issues with generalizations; nonetheless, when taking a gander at the movies, there is definitely not a genuine portrayal of what this is comprehensive of. The quality of this general film originates from the perfect introduced about the decent variety of the African †American people group. The introduction of seven short movies, all which are not identified with the other, gives an alternate degree of knowledge about the African †American people group. This separates limits and generalizations wh ich are regularly in the media and gives a new look about the goals of the African American people group. Every one of the short movies is portrayed in a creative and significant manner to guarantee that this message is given. The strain is made in each film, explicitly by characterizing the issues which are related with society, just as how people need to figure out how to beat this. The shortcoming of the film originates from the deceptive introductions which may divert a person from purchasing the film. The title of Afrocentricity is one which isn’t sensible and doesn’t give the right portrayal of what is introduced all through the film. The idea of assorted variety is a shrouded message that is shown through every one of the movies. On the off chance that one doesn’t comprehend this is a few short movies, one which just goes on for two minutes, at that point more issues may emerge. In any case, this can work for the film in the event that one can comprehend and conquer generalizations which may have been related with the estimation of every story. In general rating: 4 Breakdown is the principal short film that can give knowledge into the African †American people group. The chief of the film is Jeff Byrd. The entertainers incorporate the lead, Vanessa Williams. The introduction in this film starts with demonstrating a taking shots at a bus stop. Vanessa Williams is the main overcomer of this occurrence. While traveling through the film, Williams tells about the experience of the kill and reviews the injury which she has experienced by being in this area and seeing what has occurred in the particular circumstance. The quality of this plot depends on the capacity for Williams to show the opposite side of the shootings. The generalizations which are regularly portrayed in the media depend in favor of African †Americans as having a hoodlum mindset and not basing their convictions outside of this. The methodology which is taken in this film picks up its quality by demonstrating the frightfulness and show of the shooting just as the reactions which have happened along these lines. The acting that is followed with this is sensible in nature and can delineate the general comprehension of the complexities which happen in a reasonable circumstance where a shooting happens, regardless of where it occurs and who observes it. The strain which works from this practical perspective, just as the goals of gaining from the injury turns into the principle

4 Tips To Formulate Your Social Media Strategy

4 Tips To Formulate Your Social Media Strategy Make Money Online Queries? Struggling To Get Traffic To Your Blog? Sign Up On (HBB) Forum Now!4 Tips To Formulate Your Social Media StrategyUpdated On 16/05/2014Author : Ryan CoteTopic : Social MediaShort URL : http://hbb.me/1vdbvnk CONNECT WITH HBB ON SOCIAL MEDIA Follow @HellBoundBlogRegardless of what kind of business you are running, you should know by now that social media is an effective platform to do everything from marketing, market research to customer support and branding. The only problem is that most people are unsure of how they can utilize social media to its full potential. As of now, there are no hard and fast rules when social media is concerned. Most business owners are feeling their way through this entire social media frenzy. Regardless of the ambiguity, here are a few things that pioneers have picked up which those attempting to follow their footsteps should remember.1. Have a strategyWhat do you want to achieve through the help of social media? How much are y ou willing to invest in social media and how will you measure your results? Don’t think of social media as an isolated marketing tool. On the other hand, think of social media as part of your collective marketing campaign.2. Measure each step of the wayNo, that does not mean just counting the number of “likes” you get on Facebook and “followers” you have on Twitter. You need a more holistic manner of tracking and measuring the progress of your social media campaign. One way to do this is by paying attention to what your “friends” and “followers” positively react to so that you’ll know what to highlight on your social media accounts.READHOW TO: Find Back-Link Opportunities Inside Google3. Use the right toolsThe great thing about social media is that it provides tools which allow you to manage and monitor the things that you are doing on these platforms. But there are a number of third-party tools which are processes things faster and more intelligently. You can al ways check out different social media tools online. There are those which you can use for free so you don’t have to worry about utilizing these tools.4. EtiquetteWhen you are using social media, you are engaging in a conversation rather than making a boring speech. You need to listen first and foremost before talking. And you need to be responsive when someone is talking to you. Be open and be honest, and make sure all the time that you are polite. Your “friends” and “followers” know that you have a motive so don’t even hide these things. Instead, be real and be genuine. Never get mad even if it is justified for you to get angry because this never turns out well.This article is written by Ryan Cote. He is a Project Manager for Ballantine Digital, a NJ social media agency, and is responsible for overall operations and client campaigns. If you wish to write for us, kindly check this.

The First Gender Identity Clinic - 1862 Words

Transsexual Phenomenon, and within months Johns Hopkins University opened the first gender identity clinic in the United States to diagnose and treat transsexual individuals and to conduct research related to sexuality. Within ten years, more than forty university affiliated gender clinics existed throughout the United States including programs at the University of Minnesota, Stanford University and Case Western University (Stryker, 2008). With the establishment of these gender identity clinics, and the financial backing of philanthropist Reed Erickson, a transsexual man, the health care needs of transsexual people gained increased attention and support. Despite this new attention, the clinics used Benjamin’s model of â€Å"true† transsexuals. This differentiation between â€Å"true† transsexuals and other gender variants became a serious and highly important diagnostic decision as gender affirming surgeries were irreversible. This resulted in many transsexual individuals to be denied access to hormones and surgery. Specifically, transsexual men encountered difficulties, as transsexuality was primarily seen as a male-to-female only transition. In fact, during the late 1960s the United States leading UCLA Gender Identity Research Clinic debated whether trans men should be considered transsexuals. Many trans men themselves did not label themselves as transsexuals as they only knew about other transs exual women (Meyerowitz, 2002; Beemyn, 2014). Classification in the DiagnosticShow MoreRelatedWomen Have A History Of Fighting For Their Rights Essay1461 Words   |  6 Pages If we go back in history, when Margaret Sanger did the â€Å"unspeakable† in 1916 and opened the first U.S. birth-control clinic in Brooklyn, New York and that moment became chaos. Despite her courage, she was arrested ten days later and her clinic was shut down. However, Margaret Sanger did not give up on what she believed was her rights and reopened the clinic in 1923 in New York City. This was the first time a woman set out to find â€Å"justice† in women’s health. Margaret Sanger took this further andRead MoreSexual Dysfunction is the loss or impairment of the ordinary physical responses of sexual function.1000 Words   |  4 Pagesprescribed. Sex therapy is a great way to help treat any of the sexual dysfunctions. Gender-Identity Disorder involve the desire to become a member of the opposite sex. A person that is identified as a girl, acts and feels like a boy. There are some factors that can play a role, but the main cause is unknown. Children with Gender-Identity disorder are likely to become homosexual as they get older. Gender-Identity disorder is NOT the same as homosexuality. A group of sexologist came together to createRead MoreThe State Of Oregon959 Words   |  4 PagesIn 2014, the state of Oregon was the first state to pass a law that allows children at the age of 15 to undergo surgery for transgender, and they do not need the consent of their parents. Why, you may? Well, let’s take a look. As stated before Oregon was the first state to offer gender reassignment to minors. However, ironically it is illegal in that same state for a 15 year old to drive, smoke, donate blood, get a tattoo, or even go to a tanning booth. The state is doing this treatment with MedicaidRead MoreThe, Or Gender Dysphoria893 Words   |  4 PagesTransgenderism, or gender dysphoria, is an area of medicine, which has been studied to some degree, yet remains vague as to pathophysiology and potentiating factors. There are, however, various hypotheses that have recently surfaced including sexual differentiation and sexual dimorphism of the brain. However, the evidence is insufficient to base the validity of these concepts. 8,5 Although the cause has yet to be fully understood, the diagnosis of gender variant individuals has changed drasticallyRead MoreHealth Issues And Drug Use Feed Back Into Housing865 Words   |  4 PagesSlurring, â€Å"Joe† staggered into the clinic. It was only 10 am, and alcohol pervaded the air. Joe nearly always came in drunk, but we kept our doors open to him, so he kept coming back. His provider stayed patient through his setbacks and frustrations, tapping the resources around her to treat Joe’s alcoholism, diabetes, and hepatitis. As he started to heal I met the Joe who likes volunteering and loves gardening. I watched in awe as Joe’s provider catalyzed his healing and I yearn to follow her exampleRead MoreManagement Information System Case Study1251 Words   |  6 Pagesresults in response to unseen data. Neural networks have found the majority of their applications in time-series prediction, signal processing, financial forecasting and especially in health care as pattern recognition. Question: 2. At the Mayo Clinic, patients are given opt-in and opt-out rights concerning whether or not their information is used in the system that determines the most appropriate therapies given the specific patient profile. So far 95 percent of the patients have opted to haveRead MoreManagement Information System Case Study1262 Words   |  6 Pagespredicting results in response to unseen data. Neural networks have found the majority of their applications in time-series prediction, signal processing, financial forecasting and especially in health care as pattern recognition. Question: 2. At the Mayo Clinic, patients are given opt-in and opt-out rights concerning whether or not their information is used in the system that determines the most appropriate therapies given the specific patient profile. So far 95 percent of the patients have opted to haveRead MoreCanada Welcomes An Ethno Cultural Diversity And Follows The International Mandate1260 Words   |  6 Pagescountries in the world, it is undeniable that the protection of refugees will be provided. The Ottawa Newcomer Clinic, located in Ottawa, is one of the agencies that welcomes newcomer refugees. This clinic plays an essential role in the reintegration of refugees in their new environment and provides preventive healthcare services. To improve its services, the team members of the clinic are committed to promoting mental health in order to undertake a holistic approach in the care of refugee youthsRead MoreWomen s Movement Of The United States1438 Words   |  6 PagesWomen’s Movement Have you ever asked yourself why people are different from each other? There is a lot of differences such as intelligence, opinions, appearances, personalities, and genders which, in my opinion, are the most important one. Genders usually represent the differences and also similarities between female and male, or women and men. In general, men usually have different responsibilities and duties as women. From history to modern time, the differences between women and men has changedRead MoreGender Is The Equivalent Of Fish Talking About Water Essay1552 Words   |  7 Pages or being taught. There may be some definitions that are necessary to be defined and collaborated its meaning, along with history and content. Just as Judith Lorber quoted, â€Å"Talking about gender got most people is the equivalent of fish talking about water.† This quote demonstrates the importance of the gender topic. Seems to be basic or understandable which is misunderstood. As are several other topics not discussed from kindergarten up to senior year of high school. Women’s study is present in

Vaccinations Are Important Or Are Not Important Vaccinations

Do you think vaccinations are important or are not important? Vaccinations are a very extremely controversial topic now a day. If you choose not to vaccinated your child you need to keep in mind the risk that you are putting your child at. Whatever you choose do not take the decision lightly, make sure you have done your research and have the facts about vaccines. I do not agree with not vaccinating your child, I feel that you need to get them vaccinated. I have a family member that choose not to vaccinate her child because she felt they were unsafe and thought that doctors and health care officials where just telling her what they had been told. Her daughter that was 3 years old and become ill with whopping cough she is one that won’t take her child to the doctor unless she feels it is life treating and as her daughter kept getting sicker she finally decides to take her in to the doctors and her daughter was admitted in the hospital she kept going downhill and 3 days later h er daughter passed away. If she would have got her daughter the whooping cough vaccine she would still be here today, because of the choice she made it has turned her world upside down and she says all the time that she wishes that she would have done more research because what she was told and wanted to believe caused her to loss her child. Sarah Allred from The Healthy Home Economist says the six reasons why to say no, 1. Pharmaceutical companies can’t be trusted. 2. All vaccines are loaded withShow MoreRelatedWhy Should Vaccinations Be Important? Essay1502 Words   |  7 Pagesparents are debating. With such a big decision, it is encouraged to become educated with the principles of vaccinations, the safety of vaccinations with both sides of the debate, and the time frame that children receive vaccinations from birth to 18 years of age. Immunity. What is it? Why is it so important? And what does it do for us? To understand why vaccinations are so important, it is important to understand what immunity is. According to the CDC; Immunity is the ability of the human body to tolerateRead MoreVaccination Is The Most Important Factor2351 Words   |  10 Pages(The Hutchinson Unabridged Encyclopedia). Statistics show that vaccines prevent more than 2.5 million child deaths per year (Davey, et al 5). These deaths typically occur in children under the age of 5. Immunizations are arguably one of the most important benefits of modern medicine offered in our country. Vaccines are given to prevent a serious disease or illness. They are generally only given to healthy people to help boost immunity (Sanford, S52). Without vaccines diseases such as measles, mumpsRead MoreVaccinations, Do They Protect Or Are They Harmful?904 Words   |  4 PagesTo Vaccinate, or not to Vaccinate Vaccinations, do they protect or are they harmful? This is a question that every parent ponders when it is time to inject their children with medicines. Since vaccinations first began being administered in 1800s there have been those who protest them and those who stand behind them. It is a parents choice to have their children vaccinated or to opt out of vaccinations. A vaccine or immunization is a dose administered by either injection, orally or sometimes nasallyRead MoreVaccinations Should Be Mandatory For Children1633 Words   |  7 Pagesmany serious diseases that plagued the world, a number of which have been eradicated through the widespread administration of vaccinations. In the 1950s, the number of polio cases in the United States was at 58,000, and in 1988, this disease had affected 350,000 people (11 Facts About Polio). Because polio mainly affects children under the age of five, it became very important to parents that something was done to cure and protect their children. When the polio vaccine was created, doctors were ableRead MoreVaccinations And How Vaccines Protect Us All By Harrison Wein And Beliefs About Childhood Vaccinations1428 Words   |  6 Pagesperson’s health can be one of the most important aspects in their life. When thinking about what can help one to remain healthy, vaccinations come to mind. Vaccinations, to many people, are a necessity to remain healthy. I know when I was younger I hated to get a shot, but when I think about it today I am glad my parents made me get them. My mother was a nurse, so she knew the importance of vaccinations. Unfortunately, in todays’ society some parents think vaccinations can be more harmful then helpfulRead MoreThe Flu Vaccination Increase Compliance1392 Words   |  6 PagesProblem Will enforcing staff to comply with yearly flu vaccinations, and increasing patient education about the flu vaccination increase compliance in high-risk patients in health care facilities? Introduction Influenza, also known as the flu, is a highly contagious viral disease that affects the upper respiratory tract. Flu season typically lasts between the months of October and April. Signs and symptoms include fever, cough, sore throat, muscle aches, fatigue, runny nose, and headaches. IndividualsRead MoreWhy Dogs Should Be Vaccinated1350 Words   |  6 PagesA lot of families today have dogs as pets for various reasons such as hunting purposes, farm dogs, companion dogs and service dogs. Most owners take their dogs to the vet for the annual exams where they receive the vaccinations that are required. However currently there has been an issue on whether or not dogs need to be vaccinated. The reason dogs need to be vaccinated is because it protects them from numerous infectious diseases, protect us from receiving zoonotic diseases, the benefits out wayRead MorePros And Cons Of Vaccination1665 Words   |  7 PagesVaccinations, Worth A Shot! Mandated Vaccinations are a huge argument right now because of health and disease issues. There are people on both sides of this argument. Some people are against vaccinating their children because they feel they are being forced to have their child get vaccinated. While some people feel the need that vaccinations are important to protect themselves from any illness or diseases. Vaccinations should be mandatory for all schools and health care purposes. For one, peopleRead MoreVaccines And Vaccines Are Made A Huge Impact On Humanity1494 Words   |  6 Pagesand parents who believe that vaccination is a lifesaver. Vaccination is a controversial topic for many parents and guardians of children. Vaccines are made to save lives and reduce outbreaks; people should not second guess vaccines and should instead take precautions. Illnesses occurs yearly and it can affect people of all ages, especially in children. According to Immunize Children: â€Å"It’s been known for some time that children and adolescents seem to play an important role in spreading the flu†Read MoreVaccines Are The Tugboats Of Preventive Health1128 Words   |  5 PagesAustralian Vaccination-skeptics Network Inc., 2016) It also provides a catch-up plan that provides free service for children under 10. The scheme aims to improve overall vaccination standards in Australia. But why do people object getting vaccination? Is the No Jab No Pay the best solution? Is there a better solution to vaccination rates? The report aims to answer the questions above through research and data from Australia and around the world. Importance of Vaccination Vaccinations are an important

Summary Of The Night By Robert Wife Beulah - 884 Words

1. Plot: The narrator is telling a story about his wife friend who is blind man name Robert. Robert wife Beulah has recently died due to cancer. The narrator wife wants Robert to spend the night at their house. The narrator wife used to work for Robert, and she is explaining the relationship between Robert and her. The husband does not like Robert because he is blind. At the end of the night Robert shows the husband how it feels to be blind and changes his views about being blind. The main incidents are dinner with Robert, and the husband, wife, and Robert smoking marijuana, and later after his wife goes to sleep husband and Robert watching a show about Cathedrals’, and lastly the drawing of the Cathedral with the husband eyes closed. The Climax of the story would be when the narrator is attempting to draw the cathedral with his eyes closed. The ending of the story narrator and Robert connected. The narrator learned not to judge someone based on what he heard, and fear. 2. Structure: The story incidents happen chronologically. The flashbacks are when the narrator explains how the wife has met Robert ten years ago. When she worked for Robert as reader in Seattle. The narrator says on the last day she worked for Robert. Robert touched her face and wife wrote a poem about the experience. Second flashback was when the narrator describes the wife’s past. How she tried to commit suicide ones because she was unhappy about being an officer’s wife. The wife and Robert kept in

A Separte Peace Essay Essay Research Paper free essay sample

A Separte Peace Essay Essay, Research Paper In life, historical events frequently play an of import function in a individual s life. Many times people can drastically hold a alteration of sentiment over dark. In A Separate Peace, the whole ambiance at the Devon School changed as World War II progressed. The male childs either thirstily awaited bill of exchange, preferred to enlist in the country of war they wanted, or did non desire to travel at all. The pupils at the school were forced to make activities for enjoyment since old 1s could non be played because of deficiency of stuffs. When a friend returns from the war, the male childs at Devon got a existent sense of what the war was like. The male childs learned that traveling to war was non all merriment and games like they had anticipated. The influence World War II had on the characters in A Separate Peace and life at the Devon School, was clearly depicted through their actions and activities. We will write a custom essay sample on A Separte Peace Essay Essay Research Paper or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The beginning of the novel allows the reader to acquire a feel of what the Devon School was like during that clip period. Students of war age were invariably go forthing Devon to travel to the war, either by pick or by bill of exchange. Whether childs wanted to travel or non, the expectancy was ever present. As winter approached the Devon school, so was the infringing shadow of the war. The male childs were called out to assist shovel free a troop train trapped by snow-blocked paths. The experience # 8220 ; brings the war place # 8221 ; for all of them, and they realized they would hold to confront a important determination really shortly. Maturity leaps upon them, whether they # 8217 ; re ready for it or non, at the stamp age of 17. The exhilaration of the war had gotten to everybody at the school, including the staff, and made it a helter-skelter topographic point. The male childs were able to acquire away with disobeying the regulations. Many pupils cut category, and left schoo l evidences frequently and were non penalized. When Leper returned from the war the male childs realized that take parting in the war wasn t all merriment and games, and that a batch of bad things happened. When Leper told Gene how he had been discharged on charges of insanity, Gene blew up at Leper. Gene had thought the war was a good topographic point, and the impression of a Section Eight Discharge was non what he wanted to hear. It wholly ruined Gene s ideas and his hopes. Gene was wholly set on enlisting in the ground forces, to see what so many other s were sing, until Leper informed him of the war s negative facets. Leper, more defeated than anyone, did non portion his ground for returning place with everyone. He was ashamed, and did non desire to portion the horrors of war with everyone. Scarcity of popular stuffs made it hard for the male childs at Devon to go on with some normal activities. Finny, the athletic male child he was, made up Blitzball, a game named after the celebrated Blitzkrieg ( a German war maneuver ) . The game of class was successful in maintaining the male childs busy. Along with athletic creative activities, the male childs started a nine called The Super Suicide Society of the Summer Session, a nine which about six male childs signed up for. The nine met about every dark, and had particular inductions for the members. The nine was designed to give the male childs something to make because they were unable to take part in the regular things they did. The male childs at Devon were non holding the same sort of school twelvemonth that they had had in the yesteryear. Partially because of an interuption in their day-to-day lives. World War II had a strong influence on life in the novel A Separate Peace. The writer displays the influence through the character s actions and activities. The pupils at the Devon School were overwhelmed with the thought of war, and were thirstily expecting their going to an country of it. However, when a good friend returned from the war with a different thought of how it was, the male childs rethought their avidity. The male childs were forced to do up games and such to take part in to maintain them occupied when they weren t perusal. This novel showed that like with other major historical events, war can wholly change a manner of life, altering everything from personalities to activities.

Causes and Solutions to Pronunciation Problems Essay Example

Causes and Solutions to Pronunciation Problems Paper Causes and solutions to pronunciation problems Kim 12008815x, so He Hong Kong is one tooth most preferred locations tort international business in Asia Pacific, and is becoming more 50, Naturally business English skills is becoming increasingly important. Business English skills can be categorized into three different parts. These parts are writing, presentation and communication. All are equally important, but this essay will focus more on communication. To be be more specific, it will focus on pronunciation Error, when first came to honking, I realized that peoples grammar and vocabulary is quiet good, but s sometimes hard to understand them because of their pronunciation. Because relatively other aspects are quite good, think that Hong Kong can increase their competitiveness in business English by focusing on this aspect. So, the following will cover the objective of the essay, the causes for the inaccurate pronunciation and the solutions. The Objective is to look into how Hong Kong people can achieve an acceptable pronunciation. An acceptable pronunciation is a pronunciation when Other people can understand What he/she says and the speakers English is pleasant to listen to; in other words, the speaker is informally intelligible. (James,2010) To be short, the pronunciation doesnt have to be like a native speaker but just have to be understood comfortably. There are few factors that leads to the problem of pronunciation in Hong Kong, despite the early age the children start to learn English, One is the influence of their mother tongue. And the other is the way how pronunciation is taught in schools. Candace, 2006) There are lots of studies that proves that the first language have a propound affect on learning the second language (Carter,2001). In Hong Kong, their first language is Cantonese. And there are differences in phonology between Cantonese and English. First, unlike English, Cantonese is lexicographic. Because they learn their mother tongue in a lexicographic method, they might apply the same way whe n learning English. That is, they may lemma apply visual recognition method when learning English words rather than applying the phonetic analysis method. We will write a custom essay sample on Causes and Solutions to Pronunciation Problems specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Causes and Solutions to Pronunciation Problems specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Causes and Solutions to Pronunciation Problems specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer And this can decrease the ability to link letters and phonemes, which can affect their pronunciation. Also there are differences in the languages syllable structure, sound inventory and prosodic patterns. (Catherine, 002) But the more pressing problem is the insignificant emphasis placed on pronunciation teaching. For these kinds of problems can be overcome with a good system. First, teachers should clarify the differences between English and Cantonese phonological systems. In a study, a research(Candace,2006) was conducted to students Of Hong gang to find out where the most frequent pronunciation errors occur and the reason behind this. The research showed that most of these problems occurred, because the students did not have a clear idea of the differences between the two sound systems Error example, the / , sound in Cantonese cannot be found in a word-final position. Most of the students in the research had a tendency to not spell out the II/ when pronouncing will. Learning phonics in an appropriate method is also important. Phonics is teaching reading by training beginners to associate letters With their sound values. By learning phonics students will be able to read and pronounce properly. Recently in primary schools in Hong gang phonics has become a major component of the English language curriculum. But there still seems to be a lot Of limitation concerning this. The most pressing problem regarding this issue, is that the knowledge base for teaching phonics is not established. So the teachers will have to work on finding a dear methodology for teaching phonics in secondary language contexts. For example, in a study the researcher suggested adopting awareness raising activities for phonics learning. (Paul,2008) This means increasing students awareness to the general sensitivity to sound- spelling correspondence. This will increase their ability to notice and deduce the specific relationships themselves, This will lead to better performance t students in sounding out a new word trot its spelling or spelling a word from its pronunciation. Also, teachers should make use of Davis technology. For example, there are so many good computer program for learning English pronunciation these days. The strong point of using computer software is that it allows student to repeatedly listen to what they want, and help them to learn at anytime, anywhere. And by motivating them to use these systems in their daily lives, they can help students develop independence in learning pronunciation. Pronunciations in English is important, in peoples daily lives and also in business society. Poor pronunciation can have a negative impression and also create prejudice against the person. Sailor) So, in order to have a good communication skills in the business world, having an acceptable pronunciation is a necessity. The main cause for pronunciation problems in honking can be found in the huge difference between their mother tongue and English. But by applying an effective English education system it is not a problem that could not be overcome.. As international business in increasing in Hong Kong, overcoming this sake point will have great effect on the nations competitiveness as the center for global businesses.

Social Identity Essay Example

Social Identity Essay Example Social Identity Essay Social Identity Essay Social Identity From Encyclopedia of Women and Gender: Sex Similarities and Differences and the Impact of Society on Gender l. Conceptions and Definitions II. Types of Social Identity Ill. Multiplicity and Intersectionality V. Aspects of Social Identity V. Assessing Social Identity VI. Development and Change VI. Negotiating Social Identities Glossary Intersectionality The condition in which a person simultaneously belongs to two or more social categories or social statuses and the unique consequences that result from that combination. Minimal group paradigm An experimental procedure for creating social identity conditions in which articipants are arbitrarily assigned to one group or another. Social representations Commonly shared and collectively elaborated beliefs about social reality held by members of a culture or subculture. Stereotypes Organized, consensual beliefs and opinions about specific categories or groups of people. SOCIAL IDENTIFICATION is the process by which we define ourselves in terms and categories that we share with other people. In contrast to characterizations of personal identity, which may be highly idiosyncratic, social identities assume some commonalities with others. This chapter introduces several key issues surrounding social identity, including form and content, assessment, development and change, and identity negotiation. I. Conceptions and Definitions Identity is a term that is widely used and, as a consequence, can mean many different things to different people. Identity is sometimes used to refer to a sense of integration of the self, in which different aspects come together in a unified whole. This intrapsychic emphasis is often associated with Erik Erikson, who introduced the term identity crisis as part of his stage model of psychological development. Another common use of the term, particularly in contemporary times, is identity politics, where the reference is typically to different political positions that are staked out by members of ethnic and nationality groups. In this article, the term social identity refers specifically to those aspects of a person that are defined in terms of groups, only some of those groups are meaningful in terms of how we define ourselves. In these cases, our self-definition is shared with other people who also claim that categorical membership, for example, as a woman, as a Muslim, as a marathon runner, or as a Democrat. To share a social identity with others does not necessarily mean that we know or interact with every other member of the designated category. It does mean, however, that we believe that we share numerous features with other members of the category and that, to some degree, events that are relevant to the group as a whole also have significance for the individual member. As an example, a person who defines herself as a feminist is more likely to be aware of legislation regulating abortion, more likely to have read books by Betty Friedan or bell hooks, and more likely to be aware of salary discrepancies between omen and men than is a person who does not identify as a feminist. Many forms of social identity exist, reflecting the many ways in which people connect to other groups and social categories. In our own work, we have pointed to five distinct types of social identification: ethnic and religious identities, political identities, vocations and avocations, personal relationships, and stigmatized groups (see Table l). Each of these types of social identification has some unique characteristics that make it somewhat different from another type. Relationship identities, in particular, have some special features. To be a mother, for example, can imply a sense of shared experience with other people who are mothers. Sometimes particular aspects of these experiences can be defined even more finely, as in Mothers Against Drunk Drivers (MADD). At the same time, the identity of mother implies a specific role relationship with another person, a relationship that is unique and grounded in ones own personal experience with that other person. Other social identities can be defined more generally, tied not to any individual but to a generic group. Thus to identify as a doctor, for example, implies a shared definition with ountless others, many of whom you may not know anything in particular about. Another defining characteristic of occupational identities is that they are chosen by the person (what is sometimes called an achieved status). In contrast, social identities such as ethnicity or gender are ascribed categories, given to one at birth. Social identities also differ in the status or value that is attached to them. In Table l, for example, the stigmatized identities stand apart from the other types of social identity, all of which are typically regarded more positively. In the original study that defined he categories presented in Table l, gender was clustered together with other relationship identities in the final statistical solution. Certainly it is true that many relationships are gendered in their definition and implications (as are many occupations as well). However, because of the importance and centrality of gender in our lives, it is often considered as a category in itself. Similarly, sexual orientation can be classified as one form of a relationship identity, but it often has greater prominence than other relationship identities. To understand more about the nature f social identity, let us consider three identities in more detail: gender, ethnicity and Ethnicity and religion Asian American Jewish Southerner West Indian Political affiliation Feminist Republican Environmentalist Vocations and avocations Psychologist Artist Athlete Military veteran Relationships Mother Parent Teenager Widow Stigmatized identities Person with AIDS Homeless person Alcoholic A. GENDER IDENTITY Ones gender-most typically as a man or woman-is one of the most frequently mentioned identities when people are asked to describe themselves, and it is also ne of the categories most often used by others to describe us. Similarly, the development of gender identity (see Section VI) has been a central topic for developmental psychologists. Because gender is such a fundamental category, it is perhaps not surprising that a great many meanings and implications are associated with gender. Personality traits (e. g. , being competitive or being aware of the feelings of others), role behaviors (e. g. , taking care of children or assuming leadership roles), physical characteristics (e. g. , having broad shoulders or a soft voice), and a host of ther associations can be leadership roles), physical characteristics (e. g. , having broad shoulders or a soft voice), and a host of other associations can be linked to gender categories. [See SOCIAL ROLE THEORY OF SEX DIFFERENCES AND SIMILARITIES. At the same time, many investigators believe that it is not useful to think of gender as a single social category. Rather, many have argued for a concept of gendered identities, which recognizes the multiple social identities that may be influenced by ones gender. As noted earlier, both occupations (e. g. , nurse) and relationships (e. g. wife) often have gender implications. Similarly, a persons identity as a woman may differ radically depending on whether she views herself as a feminis t or as a more traditional type of woman. Thus, in adopting a perspective of gendered identities, one acknowledges that multiple identities are shaped by ones gender, and that social identities can intersect and overlap with one another. B. ETHNIC AND NATIONAL IDENTITIES For many people, ethnicity is a central element of self-definition and becomes an important social identity. In the past, social scientists categorized human beings in erms of basic racial categories, such as Asian, Caucasian, and Negroid. With increasing awareness of the arbitrary nature of the social construction of race, these categories are less frequently used. More common today is categorization on the basis of ethnicity, defined in terms of culture, language, and country of origin. Works by theorists such as William Cross on African American identity exemplify the approach to this form of categorization and identification. Nationality can be closely linked to ethnic identity, but it often represents a distinct way of identifying oneself. In Finland, for example, being ethnically Finnish and being a citizen of Finland are highly overlapping bases of identification. In contrast, in the United States one can have an identity as an American and at the same time hold an identity (often hyphenated) as an African American, an Asian American, a Latino, or a West Indian. Like most identities, national identities are flexible and subjectively defined. People claim. Often second-generation immigrants, for example, feel a pressure to choose between maintaining an identity with their country of origin and developing a new identification with the host country. These two bases of identification can have quite different meanings for friendship networks, social and cultural activities, and even marriage and family. Yet at the same time, it is increasingly recognized that people are not necessarily required to choose between one of two mutually exclusive identities, but may instead maintain dual identification or may use the two sources of identity as the basis for a new emergent form of social identification, for example, as a bicultural person. Like gender, the analysis of ethnic and national identity is more complex than it sometimes first seems. C. SEXUAL ORIENTATION Many people use sexual orientation as a central category of social identification. As is often the case, members of the minority group-in this case, gays and lesbians-are more likely to give prominence to this social identification than are members of the dominant majority group-in this case, heterosexuals. Many analyses of gay and lesbian identification have posited stage models of development, describing the processes by which people come to recognize and then to endorse their sexual orientation. These models take into account the evidence that many individuals do not become aware of their sexual preferences until adolescence or later. At the same time, stage models are often criticized, both for assuming invariant sequences in the development of the gay/ lesbian identity, as well as for assuming that the process works in the same way for gays and for lesbians. Far less work has been done in defining a heterosexual identity, in part because it is less frequently referred to by those who might see themselves that way (although heterosexuality per se has certainly been studied widely). A critical aspect of the gay and lesbian identity is that it is, in some segments of society, a highly stigmatized identity, a characteristic that is hared with some ethnic and religious identities. The experience of prejudice and discrimination that gays and lesbians face makes the process of social identification a particularly difficult one at times, as the positive values that one typically associates with ones own group are not shared by the society at large. Identification in terms of sexual orientation also illustrates well the overlapping nature of identity categories, particularly with gender. It is easy to talk in terms of multiple identities, for example, having separate identities as a woman, a lawyer, a spouse, a mother, a roller blader, and so on. In fact, several theoretical traditions within psychology and sociology, including role theory and symbolic interaction, encourage us to think in terms of these distinct groups. In contrast, theories emanating from personality psychology, such as that of Erik Erikson, focus on the possibilities for integrating multiple identities into a single identity. Indeed, within that particular tradition, the successful resolution of potential conflicts among identities is seen as a criterion of the healthy personality. Each of these positions involves its own conceptual challenges. For those who favor hen these identities relate to one another. Are there points of overlap among identities? Can identities be represented in some form of hierarchy, with more important or more encompassing identities at the top and other less central or more specific identities at the bottom? For those who favor the integrative position, the questions concern how integration is achieved and whether a single identity, defined as the integrated sum of various component identities, can be predictive of more domain-specific behaviors. Another perspective on this issue is to consider the intersectionality among various ocial identities. Intersectionality is a term introduced by critical legal theorists to refer to the specific conditions that exist when one holds two or more social statuses. ntroduced by critical legal theorists to refer to the specific conditions that exist when one holds two or more social statuses. Often discussion has focused on the intersections of race and gender, exploring what it means, for example, to be a Black female as opposed to being a Black male or a White female. Gender, it is argued, does not necessarily carry the same meanings for members of different ethnic roups. Similarly, ethnicity may be experienced differently for women as compared to m en. At the same time, proponents of intersectionality suggest that it is not possible to clearly distinguish between experience that is related to race and experience that is related to gender. Rather, the conditions are inextricably bound together in the individuals life. Many investigations have shown the importance of considering different configurations of social categories. Often, the particular confgurations and the importance of one versus another identity may change over time as well, eminding us that identity is a dynamic rather than static process. Taken to the extreme, of course, the notion of intersectionality could be problematic if all possible intersections needed to be considered at all times. More likely, however, there are a limited number of key identity categories whose influence is sufficiently strong to combine with others and it is those intersections that investigators will want to study most closely. IV. Aspects of Social Identity A social identity is first of all a label or a category, a way of grouping a number of people together on the basis of some shared features. Beyond the labeling, however, ocial identity has many more implications, both for the persons who claim the social identity and for others who see them as members of particular categories. Thus the category label can in a sense be considered the frame for a painting that is rich in cognitive beliefs, emotional associations, and behavioral consequences. A. COGNITIVE ASPECTS The cognitive aspects of a social identity can be extensive and varied, including personality traits, social and political attitudes, and memories for identity-related events. Because social identities are developed and defined within a social world, many of these cognitions are shared. Indeed, some investigators talk in terms of self- stereotyping, suggesting that when one views the self in terms of a particular social Another way of talking about these shared definitions is to refer to the social representations of salient categories. Groups defined by gender, age, ethnicity, and nationality are all represented in the culture at large. There is often a consensus as to what best characterizes boys and girls, for example, or people from Australia or Turkey or Senegal. Consider the stereotype of woman, for example. Traits typically associated with the category of woman include being emotional, kind, understanding, nd helpful to others. More specifically defined types of women, such as a businesswoman, a feminist, or a housewife, carry other associations. These societally shared beliefs about a category can become part of ones own social identification with the category. However, people do not necessarily take on the whole set of associations that consensually define a category. From the general set of societal representations, people may adopt some aspects as relevant while not accepting others. In addition, people often create their own idiosyncratic definitions of what it means to be a particular type of person. Thus, the cognitive contents of a social identity are best conceived as a combination of socially shared beliefs and other attributes based on personal experience. [See GENDER STEREOTYPES]. B. EMOTIONAL AND MOTIVATIONAL ASPECTS In many cases, social identities include not only cool cognitions, but hot emotions as well. Thus to be a feminist or an environmentalist, for example, may entail strong, affectively based feelings about social equality or the preservation of the environment. Similarly, ethnic and national identities often carry deep emotional meanings. Consider the recent conflicts in the former Yugoslavia, among Serbs, Croatians, and Muslims; or the killings in Africa of Hutus and Tutsis; the troubles between Catholics and Protestants in Northern Ireland; and the continuing conflicts in the Middle East between Palestinians and Israeli Jews. In each case, identification with the ethnic group has a strong affective element that underlies the cognitive meanings associated with the identity. Eva Hoffman, a Polish writer who emigrated to Canada, conveys the intensity of affect that can characterize an ethnic identity in the following passage: The country of my childhood lives within me with a primacy that is a form of love All we have to draw on is that first potent furnace, the uncompromising, ignorant love, the original heat and hunger for the forms of the world. (Lost in Translation: A Life in a New Language, 1990, pp. 74-75) The recognition that identification has an emotional as well as a cognitive basis has a long history in psychology. Sigmund Freud, for example, described identification in terms of the emotional ties one has, first with a parent and later with members of groups (and especially with the group leader). Subsequently, social psychologists such as Henri TaJfel included the emotional significance of membership as part of ocial identification. Social identities also have a motivational basis. Particularly in the case of identities that people choose or achieve, specific that people choose or achieve, specific functions are believed to be satisfied by the choice of identification. Although the variety of functions served by social identities are numerous, it is possible to think about a few general types. First, social identity may serve as a means of self-definition or self-esteem, making the person feel better about the self. Second, social identification may be a means of interacting with others ho share ones values and goals, providing reference group orientation and shared activity. A third function that social identification can serve is as a way of defining oneself in contrast to others who are members of another group, a way of positioning oneself in the larger community. This functional basis of identification can both serve as the impetus for Joining a group, as well as become a defining agenda for group activity. C. BEHAVIORAL ASPECTS One reason why social identification is a topic of such high interest is because categorizations have implications for behavior. To the extent that one defines oneself n terms of a particular group, it affects the behaviors one enacts for oneself and the way one interacts with others who may be members of different groups. Early research on social identity by TaJfel and his colleagues emphasized the intergroup aspects of social identification. His research, which used a paradigm known as the minimal group, showed that it takes very little to create a sense of identification with one group and a consequent disfavoring of another group. In these simple experiments, people were assigned to be in a specified group on the basis of a preference for one painter over another, or on a bogus distinction between reference for green or blue, or even Just an arbitrary assignment as an X or a Y. With even this minimal and highly artificial basis for group identification, people will allocate rewards in such a way as to favor their own group and to disadvantage the other. But the behavioral implications of social identification go far beyond these simple experimental demonstrations. An increasing body of research shows that group identification has important motivational consequences, and that the identifications that one is assigned or chooses lead to relevant actions in a variety of domains, from olunteering for an organization to participating in social protest to choosing a mate. Not surprisingly, people who are more strongly identified with a particular group are more likely to carry out actions that are supportive of that group. [See INDIVIDUALISM AND COLLECTIVISM. Given the complexity and multifaceted nature of social identity, the question of how one assesses a social identity is important. Perhaps not surprisingly, given the ingenuity of social scientists, many different methods have been developed over the years. Disputes have also developed as to which approach is the best. Probably the implest way to designate a social identity is to assig n it arbitrarily, as is typically done in the minimal group experiments. Almost as simple is an approach in which can determine that a person is a woman, a professor, or an Asian American, it is possible to assume that the social identity is present. A problem for this assumption, however, is that social identity is more appropriately viewed as a subjective, rather than objective, state. Thus, while every student at a university can reasonably be called a student, it is not necessarily true that every student feels strongly identified with that category. Knowing how important or central an identity is to the person is necessary in order to predict how much the identity will influence the persons beliefs, emotions, and actions. To deal with this potential problem, many measures of identification have been developed in which the respondent is asked to indicate how important or unimportant a particular identity is. Social identity involves more than Just categorization, however. As suggested earlier, key features of social identification include sets of beliefs, emotional associations, and motivational considerations. Some investigators have developed more extensive uestionnaires to tap a variety of aspects of social identification. One issue in developing such measures is how generic versus how identity-specific they should be. A generic measure is one that can be used to assess any social identification, and thus it allows investigators to make comparisons between different social identities in terms of their strength or centrality. An item on this type of generic scale could be the following (this one taken from the Collective Self-Esteem Scale developed by Luhtanen and Crocker): Being a member of a social group is an important reflection of who I am. In this case, any specific social identity group could be substituted for the general term social group. A somewhat more specific form of identity assessment is the measure of ethnic identity developed by Jean Phinney. In this case, the scale was designed specifically to assess ethnic identity, as evidenced by items such as the following: l have a lot of pride in my ethnic group and its accomplishments and l participate in cultural practices of my own group, such as special food, music, or customs. Phinney suggests that this measure can be used to assess an y ethnic identification; thus it would be equally appropriate for an African American, a Cuban American, or a Vietnamese American. General measures such as these have the advantage of allowing the investigator to make comparisons between groups, using a common metric. At the same time, these all-purpose measures have been criticized because they do not get at the specific features of a specific identification. Within the area of ethnic identification, for example, the beliefs and experiences associated with being a Black American are probably different from those associated with being a Latino (or, more specifically, a Mexican American, a Cuban American, a Puerto Rican, etc. ). To capture these more unique aspects of social identification, some investigators have developed measures that are specific to a particular group. As one example, Robert Sellers and his colleagues created a measure of African American racial identity that includes both general measures of centrality and salience, as well as specific questions about racial ideology that are based on the African American experience (expressed in ideological philosophies specific questions about racial ideology that are based on the African American experience (expressed in ideological philosophies of nationalism, oppression, Other quantitative measures of identity reflect different theoretical traditions. From the perspective of Eriksonian models, for example, identity is assessed in terms of the attainment of integration among identities. Other theories, such as those that assume continuing multiplicity, suggest assessment techniques that speak to the structure and relationship among various identities. Seymour Rosenberg and Paul de Boeck have developed procedures that yield a visual representation of identity structure, showing how a persons identities are positioned relative to one another. Figure 1 illustrates such a structure. In this particular method, people are asked to list both the identities that are important to them and the attributes that they associate with each identity. Based on the degree to which identities are characterized by common attributes (and attributes are similarly applied to identities), a structure is determined in which some identities are more encompassing or superordinate (such as woman in this example) and others are more distinctive and limited (such as daughter or volunteer in this example). Daughter and sister appear together in this fgure because they are described by the same traits, i. e. , comfortable, relaxed, etc. Other identities are described in other ways, as the figure shows. This method of identity assessment uses sophisticated quantitative methods, but at the same time yields very individualized portraits. Figure 1 Example of an identity structure. A quite different approach to assessing identity relies not on quantitative measures, but rather on various qualitative forms of data analysis, including narratives and open-ended interview material. In this approach, the investigator is more willing to let the person herself define the domains in which identity is relevant and the dimensions by which it is characterized. Qualitative methods are generally more successful than strictly quantitative methods in providing a context for identity, allowing the respondent to relate themes of self to the historical and social events in which they developed and are played out. Qualitative assessment of identity has been particularly successful in exploring and highlighting conditions of intersectionality. By turning to the participants own narrative, the investigator is better able to appreciate the complex ways in which various identities may combine and overlap, as well as gain a sense of the ways in which those combinations may shift over time and place. Qualitative approaches are also a particularly useful way to enter worlds that may not be recognized and represented in more traditional approaches, which are often based on implicit norms that do not generalize. The sense of oneself as belonging to a particular category of people, or of being characterized by particular labels, begins quite early in life. In terms of gender identity, most investigators believe that between the age of two and three years children have a early in life. In terms of gender identity, most investigators believe that between the age of two and three years children have a sense of their gender. Gender identity is

American firm opening branch in Japan Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

American firm opening branch in Japan - Essay Example During the Nara and Heian periods (710-1185) the emperors began to practice Buddhism, believing its teachings would protect the state. The Muromachi era (1333 to 1568) brought disintegration of the central government, firearms were introduced by the shipwrecked Portuguese soldiers, and Christianity was introduced by Francis Xavier. (Background, 2005, p. 3). Finally in the Edo period (1600-1868) Japan enters into an age of â€Å"peace and national isolation.† (Background, 2005, p.4). The United States wants to use the Japanese ports as supply bases for its commercial fleet, and, in a surprise move, Japan accepts the US demands and opens its doors for the first time in two centuries. In the Meiji period (1868-1912), the emperor was restored, and Japan made its transition to nation-state. The Showa period (1926-1989) brought many more changes for Japan, including World War II and its aftermath, including the necessary economic recovery. In 1941 Pearl Harbor brought the US into war in the Pacific and in August of 1945 â€Å"the first atomic bomb was dropped on Hiroshima, the second on Nagasaki; the emperor airs by radio a statement of unconditional surrender.† (Background, 2005, p. 5). The years of 1945-1952 brought allied occupation of Japan, with women gaining legal equality as well as the right to vote. Japan’s poli tical life was changed to a parliamentary state, and with the peace treaty signed in 1951, Japan regained independence. The â€Å"High Growth Age† in Japan occurred from the late 1950’s to the early 1970’s and Japan was rewarded with a booming economy. (Background, 2005, p. 5). Japan is made up of five islands; however there are some thirty-six hundred islands in the entire group, and dozens that are actually inhabited. Japan has twenty-nine thousand kilometers of coastline, and the total land area is 142,000 square miles which makes Japan one-twenty-fifth the size of the United States, or roughly the size of

Bipolar Disorder Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 2

Bipolar Disorder - Essay Example Secondly, the social, emotional, cognitive and behavioral aspects of bipolar will be described. Next, the interactive effects of class, ethnicity, and gender will be detailed. Following will be an outline of current treatment options and their strengths and weaknesses. Finally a conclusion shall summarize the main points of the paper and provide implications for research into bipolar disorder. Bipolar disorder is also known as manic-depressive illness and is a psychological disorder that induces shifts in a person's mood, energy levels and their ability to function optimally in society. Unlike everyday ups-and-downs, the experiences of mood swings with bipolar disorder are much more severe (Kessler et al., 2005). In general, the disorder develops during late adolescence or early adulthood, although some people will have their first symptoms in childhood, or in later adulthood (DSM-IV, 1994). The consequences of bipolar disorder are dysfunctional interpersonal relationships, poor job and academic performance, isolation and at the extreme, suicide. However, the disorder is able to be treated and many people who experience bipolar disorder lead full and productive lives, contributing to the community and building stable support relationships. The manic episodes are diagnosed by the presence of three or more symptoms of elevated mood occurring for most of the day, nearly every day, for a week or more. Depressive episodes are diagnosed when five or more symptoms last for most of the day, nearly every day, for two weeks or longer (DSM-IV, 1994). Social The person experiencing bipolar may blame others for the way that they feel. As such, bipolar disorder may lead a person to isolate themselves from support networks, as their interpersonal relationships cannot be sustained over the erratic behavior. Family and friends may find themselves being shouted at, talked about inappropriately in public or having false accusations made against them. Bipolar disorder may result in the person becoming very egotistical or self-centered and this is not conductive to healthy social relationships, and people may draw away from the person with bipolar (DSM-IV, 1994; Goodwin & Jamison, 1990). Emotional Bipolar disorder is characterized by significant mood swings, a person goes from an extreme "high" (mania) of feeling overly good and euphoric, during which they may or may not also be irritable, to a state of sadness, loneliness and hopelessness (depression). Like a pendulum the person's mood swings back and forth, although there are also experiences of normal mood in between the extreme episodes of mania and depression (DSM-IV, 1994; Kessler et al., 2005). Cognitive During a manic episode the person's thought tend to "race" and "jump" very rapidly, form one idea to the next. The person is easily distracted and has difficulty concentrating, and they tend to have unrealistic believes in their capabilities and "powers". During both the manic and depressive phases their judgment tends to be poor. In general there is denial by the person experiencing the episodes that anything is different or wrong (DSM-IV, 1994; Sachs & Thase, 2000). BehavioralDuring the manic phase, the person may have increased energy levels and be very active and restlessness, or creative and extremely "chatty".

Concept of time Essay Example for Free

Concept of time Essay Time seemed to be an important aspect that influences the well-being of the elderly in the study. Time consciousness cannot be ignored when one considers the subjective experience of well-being among the institutionalized aged. The finding showed that many of them had a keen awareness of time or awareness of the present. According to their administrators, a few of them felt the urgency to make the best use of the remaining time in their life: to get closer to God and to prepare for a ‘good death. ’ The studies done by Butler Lewis (1972); Butler et 292 al. (1998); Sue Sue (1999); and Knight (1996) found that there is an obvious concern with time when it is clear that the remaining days are running short among the aged. The development of a sense of immediacy, of the here-and-now, of present-ness -all these aid in the evolution of a sense of enjoyment and tranquility which ultimately are decisive elements of well-being. The findings of the study exemplified this awareness of time/time consciousness among the institutionalized aged and that it has endowed them with a sense of urgency and purpose in the ‘evening’ of their lives. It could also be presumed that these two aspects of well-being, the concept time and attitude toward death are closely related. Attitude towards Death The elderly in Gladys Spellman viewed the existential problem of death and dying in different spirit. While some of them had a positive attitude toward death and looked at death as a natural transition from this life to a better life and have reconciled with this inevitable reality. Trust in God’s compassion and mercy and the expectation of heavenly reward, growing closer to God in prayer seemed to help those elderly who said they were at ease with the thought of death. Faith and spirituality change death from an ending to a new beginning of a new existence for Christians (Moberg, 2001). Accepting old age and death meaningfully makes life happier. Fear or acceptance of death is closely related to general satisfaction or well-being. When life is lived to the full, death becomes a fulfillment, a completion (Moberg, 2001). The following words of the elderly were shared with one of the administrators. â€Å"I’ve done my job. My mission is over. I have no worries about the future†¦He will take care†¦and I’m ready for final surrender/exit. † There were others who tried to put on a brave front to show that they were not afraid to die. A third category avoided talking about death, reasoning that it was not yet time for them to think about death as they felt there was plenty time left for such things. Those who avoided thinking about death and those who did not fear death but only feared ‘pain of death’ must be coping with the unrecognized fear of death. As Atchley (1997) puts it, although death is generally accepted with little fear among older people, it is only reasonable to assume that there are some who really fear death. Their trust in God’s mercy and hope in eternal reward probably help them cope with this fear.

Graduation Speech: Fireworks -- Graduation Speech, Commencement Addres

Even though you cannot see them yet, the fireworks will begin tonight. In bright stunning colors, they will paint over the black world around them and they will glow. In all shapes and sizes they will scatter over the stars and the moon. They will erupt in loud, almost deafening blasts to hushed crackles of soundless glory. Each diploma received is a lighted match of fire. Each graduate is a fuse. If you put a lighted match and a fuse together, you make sparks to create light. If you put a diploma and a graduate together, you have fireworks. As I look down into the mass crowd of parents, guardians, relatives, friends, teachers, and other members of Southern Columbia’s school community, I can only focus on my fellow graduating classmates. This particular section is beginning to illuminate. It is giving off a subtle glow of many colors as if it is ready to explode into blinding lights. The dull colors seen now are only the stored energy ready to explode. The TNT is the knowledge that each graduate has acquired at Southern Columbia. It is the basic factor in beginning to light their personal firework. Once every graduate has a diploma in their hands, the whole world will be painted with their cascading colors. These colors will reflect upon the eyes of many people watching them erupt. Bright hues will light up as every graduate paints the world with their own color. I caution everyone in the audience to put on their sunglasses, because I feel the future will be so bright for my fellow classmates and myself that we will all have to wear shades. Some people say they remember the enormous fireworks that stretch out for what looks like miles in the sky. Other people say they remember the fireworks that are small and pop so qu... ...tant people for caring about our future. You cannot look at the firecrackers ready to be set off and perfectly imagine their shape and size. You can only hope that they will ignite into a display of colors and inspiration in all sizes instead of malfunctioning. As graduates, we do not know who we are until we see what we can do. Class of 2004, no matter how bright your colors glow, how large your display is, or how loud your boom is, all of us are important in providing the rest of the world with such a memorable fireworks display that will leave our spectators speechless. As a whole, we have achieved so much over the many years, and we will keep on achieving in life even after we have left each other’s physical presence. As we move on with our lives, we will always meet in memories and in the sky as we display our individual colors and patterns over the world.

Characters in ‘Of Mice and Men’ are Prejudged? Essay

Do you think all of the characters in ‘Of Mice and Men’ are prejudged? (25 Marks) In ‘Of Mice and Men’ most of the characters are subjected to discrimination and prejudice. The prejudice can be seen most in the characters Lennie Small, Crooks and Curley’s Wife. Curley’s Wife was a subject of Prejudice because she was a woman. During the 1930’s a woman’s place was to be at home raising a family, also women were seen as second class citizens and property of their husbands. Before we meet Curley’s Wife, the reader already has an opinion of her because of what the character Candy calls her- â€Å"jail bait†; George calls her a â€Å"tramp†. It’s implied that she is a tart and a promiscuous woman; she craves the attention her husband doesn’t give her. Another way prejudice against Curley’s Wife is shown by Steinbeck not giving her an actual name. She is defined by her husband, she is his proper ty, displayed and treated like any other of his possessions. The irony is Curley’s Wife â€Å"coulda been in the movies† (her American dream) which contrast the idea of having your name in lights. Crooks and Curley’s Wife are quite similar because they’re pushed away from the mainstream society of the ranch, they are the outsiders. Also another thing which links Curley’s Wife and Crooks is the lack of an actual name, Crooks is called Crook as he has a crocked back as he was kicked by a horse, the lack of a prober name dehumanises the characters, making them less important, Steinbeck uses this to highlight how different groups of people where degraded. Another character who is discriminated against is Crooks. Crooks is an African American character that is discriminated racially, he also has a crocked back. During the 1930’s there was segregation between black and white people this is show in ‘Of Mice and Men’ Crook is segregated from the rest of the Ranch workers. His room is on the edge o f the ranch, which highlights how much of an outsider he is. When we see Crooks’ room for the first time it’s less than basic, †Crook’s was a long box filled with hay† this is another form of discrimination as he isn’t treated equally, his room shows how black people where thought of – lesser people. â€Å"hay† is associated with animals partially horses this could suggest that the Boss thinks of Crooks as an animal and belongs outside. Crooks don’t say much in the book, because during that time black people didn’t have a voice and would be judged on what they said. Crooks and Lennie are also similar because there outcasts, both characters are excluded from nights out with other ranch workers and  games that the others play when they aren’t working. Lennie Small is one of the main characters in the book. He is mentally disabled and has the mind of a child. Lennie is a misunderstood character who has good intentions but doesn’t understand the impact of his actio ns. The only character Lennie has a close relationship to George, who sees him as a burden blocking the way to his American dream. An example of Lennie being misunderstood is when he and George were in Weed, he touched the girls dress because it was soft and it ripped, and then they both had to leave as Lennie was accused of attempted rape. In the book Lennie is discriminated against Crooks. Crooks takes advantage of Lennie’s lack of metal capacity, Crooks was subjected to racial hatred as the hands of white people and uses Lennie to get back at them. Crooks implies that George won’t come back and he’ll be alone. Lennie is treated differently because the other men don’t understand him as little was known about mental illness during the time.

The Ban Of Tobacco Companies Essay - 1121 Words

On February 26th, 2001 the Indian government announced they were going to enforce a ban regarding advertising their products in their country. The problem was that tobacco companies in India promote their products through every conceivable medium, including radio, television, newspapers, magazines, billboards and the internet. The government realized that most of these tobacco companies were adapting creative new ways to publicize their brands to young people. Some tobacco companies also decided to use indirect methods which include sponsoring sporting events and teams; promoting rock concerts and discos; placing their brand logos on t-shirts, rucksacks and other merchandise popular with children; and giving away free cigarettes and brand merchandise in areas where young people gather. The article states that the ban of tobacco is already going on globally and countries like Finland, Norway and France have all imposed bans on tobacco companies. The Indian government decided to interfere with the business of these companies because the well-being of its citizens is at risk. The government pointed out that 3 million that consumed tobacco were killed between 1990 and 1998 the death toll has increased to 4.023 million. The Indian government also stated that by the year 2020 the death toll of tobacco consumers might rise to 8.4 million deaths and by the year 2030 the death will rise to 10 million. These tobacco industries were aiming at increasing their profits by luringShow MoreRelatedBan Banning Tobacco Companies From Advertising Their Products And Sponsoring Sports And Cultural Events867 Words   |  4 Pagesyear, first started with the ban on tobacco, but this apparently didn’t work out, so , now they are trying to make face to this problem by increasing tax es. 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Internal industry documents released in the United States, described 14 – 24 year olds as â€Å"tomorrow’s business†. However, a study on tobacco consumption and employment, showed that effective policies